What you must know about fire safety when renovating an old house! High-rise "residential fire sprinkler system" modification specifications, ceiling budget and pit avoidance points

Fire protection lines in urban high-rise buildings: Why are there a bunch of iron tips on your ceiling?

In the greater Taipei area, with the advancement of urban renewal and urban planning, many homeowners have purchased community buildings, large luxury buildings, or high-rise residences. When you are happily preparing for interior design and ceiling projects, you will often look up and find thick metal red pipes distributed on the cement roof, with metal round heads that look like shower heads connected at the end - this is the "automatic sprinkler equipment (fire sprinkler head)". According to the "Standards for the Installation of Fire Safety Equipment in Various Places" of the Republic of China, Many homeowners feel that these sprinkler pipes are too low and affect the beauty of the space, so they often want to remove or hide them at will. This actually violates strict legal red lines and is accompanied by huge potential safety hazards for residents.

Red line of fire regulations: Sprinkler heads must not be covered or painted at will

Sprinkler heads are "life-saving equipment" in the event of a fire. There are three rigid regulatory standards that must not be compromised during decoration design:
1. It is strictly prohibited to directly wrap sprinkler heads inside the ceiling: For the sake of appearance, some unscrupulous decoration workers will nail the ceiling directly under the sprinkler head to completely hide the pipelines. In this way, once a fire breaks out indoors, the high-temperature hot air flow will not be able to contact the hidden sprinkler head, and the system will be completely unable to sense heat and start, causing the fire to spread rapidly. Not only is this illegal, but it will definitely not pass the fire safety inspection after completion, and may even face public safety penalties.
2. It is strictly prohibited to paint the sprinkler heads: In order to match the color of the ceiling (such as industrial style with black, minimalist style with pure white), some homeowners will also spray paint on the sprinkler heads. The heat-sensing element (such as a glass ball or fusible metal piece) inside the sprinkler head must accurately sense a high temperature of 68°C or 72°C before it will burst and spray water. Once paint is sprayed on, the heat-insulating properties and viscosity of the paint will cause the temperature-sensing glass bulb to fail or delay its start-up, which will waste the prime time for fire-fighting.
3. Protection radius and obstacle distance restrictions: Regulations stipulate that there must be no wooden false beams, high cabinets, partition walls and other obstacles within 45 centimeters below the return plate of the sprinkler head and within 30 centimeters around it to ensure that the water mist can evenly cover the space with a protection radius of 2.1 meters or 2.3 meters when sprinkling water.

Compliant modification construction method: sprinkler head translation and height fine-tuning process

If the height of the sprinkler head really hinders the interior design, the correct and compliant approach is to carry out "fire pipe modification". The construction process is extremely rigorous:
Step 1: Declaration to the community and water release: The interior of the fire pipe is usually filled with high-pressure water (protective water pressure is usually between 5 kg/cm² and 10 kg/cm² above). Before starting the construction, community property management personnel must be asked to close the fire water valve on that floor and open the drainage branch valve to completely "drain" the water inside the pipeline. Otherwise, a serious flooding tragedy will occur when the pipe is cut.
Step 2: Cutting and re-piping (short pipe modification):A professional fire engineer will use a metal pipe cutter to shorten the original galvanized steel pipe or stainless steel pipe that is too long, and re-thread it (thread making) or use crimped pipe fittings to shorten the sprinkler pipe upwards and close to the cement roof. If horizontal translation is required (for example, to avoid a new partition wall), horizontal piping is required, but the protection radius must be calculated to ensure that there are no dead corners for fire extinguishing.
Step 3: Reinstall the sprinkler head and pressure test (key): After the modification is completed, reinstall the qualified sprinkler head. At this time, you must close the drain valve, re-supply water, and use a manual pressure pump to inspect this section of the pipeline to confirm that there are no minor leaks in all joints and crimped joints before you can start nailing the ceiling bottom plate.

Budget price of Shuangbei project for fire sprinkler head modification

In the Greater Taipei area, the cost of modifying residential fire sprinkler pipes is usually calculated by "unit (number of sprinkler heads)":
* When the quantity is large, the price for continuous work and materials is about NT$ 1,200 to NT$ 1,800 / piece. If the quantity is only 1 to 3 pieces, the master will usually charge a basic transportation fee, and the cost of a single piece may be as high as NT$ 2,500 to NT$ 3,500.
* Due to the large number of processes and the need to use many metal accessories, the cost of strip materials is about NT$ 2,000 to NT$ 3,800 / piece.
* Some high-end communities will charge decorators fees for fire drainage and water replenishment protection, which range from approximately NT$ 1,000 to NT$ 3,000 each time.

Business Acquisition and Asset Valuation Perspective: Potential Business Risks of Fire Compliance

For commercial investment businessmen who specialize in the acquisition, re-planning, leasing and sale of apartments in Shuangbei Middle and Senior Buildings, Once it is reported that indoor fire protection equipment has been illegally removed or covered, the Land Bureau and Fire Bureau will directly issue a time-limited improvement notice or even impose a fine. The fines can be continued until the original condition is restored. The more serious risk is that if a fire breaks out in the future and it is confirmed that the fire is out of control due to the unauthorized removal of sprinkler heads, the property owner will face serious criminal prosecution for public danger crimes, and the property insurance company has the right to "reject claims" for water and fire losses worth millions. Therefore, when acquiring assets for renovation, adhering to standard fire relocation construction methods and retaining suppression test reports are necessary compliance indicators for commercial merchants to control asset risks and maintain property valuation premiums.